Lvs+keepalived负载均衡安装配置
环境：
Centos 5.5
lvs-master：192.168.18.30
lvs-backup：192.168.18.40vip：192.168.18.31web1：192.168.18.60web2：192.168.18.70netmask：255.255.255.0gateway：192.168.18.1为了好区分先把主机名临时修改一下：
# hostname master
# hostname backup
# hostname web_1
# hostname web_2
安装过程
1、MASTER安装配置：
（1）下载所需要的包
[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@master ~]# wget [root@master ~]# wget（2）安装依赖包
[root@master ~]# yum install kernel-devel
[root@master ~]# ln -sv /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-194.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux
[root@master ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel libnl* libpopt* popt-static
（3）解压安装ipvsadm
[root@master ~]# tar -zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# cd ipvsadm-1.24[root@master ~]# make && make install[root@master ~]# cd ..（4）解压安装keepalived
[root@master ~]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz[root@master ~]# cd keepalived-1.1.17[root@master ~]# ./configure[root@master ~]# make && make install
（5）配置keepalived
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/[root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/[root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
dongzhi1109@163.com
}
notification_email_from dongzhi1109@163.com
smtp_server smtp.163.com
# smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
# VIP1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #备份服务器上将MASTER改为BACKUP
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 # 备份服务上将100改为90
advert_int 5
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.18.31
#(如果有多个VIP，继续换行填写.)
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.18.31 80 {
delay_loop 6 #(每隔10秒查询realserver状态)
lb_algo wlc #(lvs 算法)
lb_kind DR #(Direct Route)
persistence_timeout 60 #(同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台realserver)
protocol TCP #(用TCP协议检查realserver状态)
real_server 192.168.18.70 80 {
weight 100 #(权重)
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10 #(10秒无响应超时)
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.18.90 80 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
（6）启动并加入开机启动
[root@master ~]# service keepalived start|stop
[root@master ~]# chkconfig –level 2345 keepalived on
2、BACKUP安装配置：
（1）下载所需要的包
[root@backup ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@backup ~]# wget [root@backup ~]# wget（2）安装依赖包
[root@backup ~]# yum -y install kernel-devel
[root@backup ~]# uname -r
[root@backup ~]# ln -sv /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-238.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux
[root@backup ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel
（3）解压安装ipvsadm
[root@backup ~]# tar -zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz[root@backup ~]# cd ipvsadm-1.24[root@backup ~]# make && make install[root@backup ~]# cd ..（4）解压安装keepalived
[root@backup ~]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz[root@backup ~]# cd keepalived-1.1.17[root@backup ~]# ./configure[root@backup ~]# make && make install
（5）配置keepalived
[root@backup ~]# cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@backup ~]# cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/[root@backup ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived[root@backup ~]# cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/[root@backup ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
dongzhi1109@163.com
}
notification_email_from dongzhi1109@163.com
smtp_server smtp.163.com
# smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
# VIP1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 5
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.18.31
#(如果有多个VIP，继续换行填写.)
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.18.31 80 {
delay_loop 6 #(每隔10秒查询realserver状态)
lb_algo wlc #(lvs 算法)
lb_kind DR #(Direct Route)
persistence_timeout 60 #(同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台realserver)
protocol TCP #(用TCP协议检查realserver状态)
real_server 192.168.18.60 80 {
weight 100 #(权重)
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10 #(10秒无响应超时)
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.18.70 80 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
（6）启动并加入开机启动
[root@backup ~]# service keepalived start|stop
[root@backup ~]# chkconfig --level 2345 keepalived on
配置realserver
1、配置web_1服务
（1）添加lvs_real.sh文件
[root@web_1 ~]# vi /root/lvs_real.sh
#!/bin/bash
SNS_VIP=192.168.18.31
/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
/sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "RealServer Start OK"
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
/sbin/route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "RealServer Stoped"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
（2）给文件权限并启动
[root@web_1 ~]# chmod +x /root/lvs_real.sh
[root@web_1 ~]# /root/lvs_real.sh start（3）加入开机启动
[root@web_1 ~]# echo “/root/lvs_real.sh start” >> /etc/rc.local
2、配置 web_2
（1）添加lvs_real.sh文件
[root@web_2 ~]# vi /root/lvs_real.sh
#!/bin/bash
SNS_VIP=192.168.18.31
/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
/sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "RealServer Start OK"
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
/sbin/route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "RealServer Stoped"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
（2）给文件权限并启动
[root@web_2 ~]# chmod +x /root/lvs_real.sh
[root@web_2 ~]# /root/lvs_real.sh start（3）加入开机启动
[root@web_2 ~]# echo “/root/lvs_real.sh start” >> /etc/rc.local
如果出现这种问题：
解决方法：
关闭关闭avahi-daemon守护进程
service avahi-daemon stop
测试LVS+keepalived
日志信息：
1、高可用性测试：
将LVS-MASTER上的keepalived服务停掉，然后观察LVS-BACKUP上的日志；
从日志中可看出，LVS-MASTER服务停掉以后，备机立刻检测到，此时备机变为MASTER角色，并且接管了主机的虚拟IP资源；
将LVS－MASTER 上的keepalived服务开启后,LVS-BACKUP的日志状态；
从日志可看出，备机在检测到主机重新恢复正常后，释放了虚拟IP资源重新成为BACKUP角色；
2、故障切换测试：
故障切换是测试当某个节点出现故障后，Keepalived监制模块是否能及时发现然后屏蔽故障节点，同时将服务器转移到正常节点来执行 ；
将192.168.18.60这台主机节点服务停掉，假设这个节点出现故障，然后主、备机日志信息如下：
以上可以看出，Keepalived监控模块检测到192.168.18.60这台主机出现故障后，将些节点2从集群系统中剔除掉了；
重新启动realserver-web_1节点的服务，日志信息如下：
以上可以看出，Keepalived监控模块检测到192.168.18.60这台主机恢复正常后，又将此节点加入集群系统中；
测试正常情况下网页显示
为了测试在这里只是简单的写了两个html页面；
以下为访问一次和强制刷新一次以后所显示的两个页面；
以上可以看出测试是成功的，到这里我们的lvs+keepalived已经完成；